[DOWNLOAD] "Dictation and Speech Recognition Technology As Test Accommodations." by Exceptional Children # eBook PDF Kindle ePub Free
eBook details
- Title: Dictation and Speech Recognition Technology As Test Accommodations.
- Author : Exceptional Children
- Release Date : January 22, 2004
- Genre: Education,Books,Professional & Technical,
- Pages : * pages
- Size : 227 KB
Description
States are required to include students with disabilities in assessment and accountability systems and to provide reasonable accommodations in those assessments whenever necessary. As states developed assessment programs for accountability in the 1980s and 1990s, students with disabilities often were excluded (Thurlow, 2000) because the individualized education program was seen as the primary accountability mechanism in special education (Tindal & Fuchs, 2000); because of a desire to spare students a frustrating experience; and because of school and district pressure to exclude students who would depress average scores (Erickson & Thurlow, 1996). Educators and policy analysts argued, however, that it was important to include all students in standards-based reform and accountability assessments to hold schools accountable for the achievement of special education students (McDonnell, McLaughlin, & Morrison, 1997; Thurlow, 2000; Ysseldyke, Thurlow, Kozleski, & Reschly, 1998). The 1997 reauthorization of the Individuals With Disabilities Education Act required that students with disabilities be "included in general State and districtwide assessment programs, with appropriate accommodations, where necessary" (IDEA, 1997, [section] 612(a)(17))(A)). The requirement of the Americans With Disabilities Act that reasonable accommodations be provided for individuals with disabilities has also been interpreted to require inclusion in state efforts to develop educational standards and assessments (Phillips, 1996). The No Child Left Behind Act of 2001 also requires the participation of all students, with reasonable accommodations for students with disabilities (National Center on Educational Outcomes, 2003). States have made progress in including students with disabilities in statewide assessments, though it is not always clear whether such students are included in determination of scores used for accountability purposes (Bolt, Krentz, & Thurlow, 2002). In addition, all states have policies on test accommodations, although the accommodations permitted vary widely across states.